eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) estimates how well your kidneys filter waste from the blood. A low eGFR means your kidneys are working less efficiently. Because eGFR naturally declines with age, mild reductions in older adults can be normal, but persistent values below 60 mL/min/1.73m² may indicate chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Note: eGFR values fluctuate with hydration, muscle mass, and recent protein intake. A single low result should always be confirmed with repeat testing before assuming kidney disease.
Common causes of low eGFR
- Age-related decline in kidney function
- Dehydration or volume loss
- Diabetes or hypertension
- Kidney inflammation or chronic kidney disease
- Medications that affect kidney filtration (NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors)
- Heart disease or reduced blood flow to kidneys
Interpreting eGFR stages
- ≥90: Normal kidney function
- 60–89: Mildly decreased (often normal if no symptoms or proteinuria)
- 45–59: Mild-to-moderate loss (Stage 3a CKD)
- 30–44: Moderate-to-severe loss (Stage 3b CKD)
- 15–29: Severe reduction (Stage 4 CKD)
- <15: Kidney failure (Stage 5 CKD)
What to do next
- Repeat test in a few weeks to confirm persistence
- Check creatinine, BUN, and urine protein
- Stay hydrated and review medication list with your clinician
- Monitor blood pressure, glucose, and lifestyle factors
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